TheWellnessLiving Health Tips

Overweightness and obesity are associated with many hemodynamic, structural, and histopathologic alterations in the kidney and with metabolic and biochemical changes that predispose to these abnormalities. Consequent to these disorders, these individuals are more likely to develop chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. Overweight and obese people are more prone to develop albuminuria and, for at least some types of kidney disease, a greater amount of albuminuria and more rapid progression of renal failure. These individuals are more likely to develop diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, renal cell carcinoma, and urate and calcium oxalate urolithiasis are the more common kidney and urological diseases reported in obese people. Preliminary data indicate that many of the clinical and nephropathologic manifestations associated with obesity can be reversed or ameliorated with reductions in body fat induced by dietary energy restriction or surgical procedures that reduce intake and gastrointestinal absorption of calories.

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Aspirin and cardiovascular diseases

Aspirin is one of the oldest drugs, which continue nowadays to surprise us. This common product, inexpensive protects the heart of a future attack or even death. Thus, it was found that aspirin help to reduce the number of deaths that occur in less than an hour after a heart attack.

A research has brought to the surface a clear evidence regarding the evaluation of aspirin in preventing heart attacks for men and treating coronary artery disease for both sexes. Dozens of studies involving thousands of people, showed that low doses of aspirin reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease or a heart attack by 25%.

A study reported in 2005 concluded that the records are not very clear on how to prevent heart attacks in women. But except is that you are allergic to aspirin that will trigger other problems, other people should take an aspirin if:

• Have diabetes;
• Have angina;
• Had a cardiovascular attack;
• Had a heart attack or a preinfarct;
• Coronary artery disease;
• Shows a high risk for cardiovascular disease.

Despite the benefits of aspirin, it has some side effects. According to existing records, the risks are higher in men than in women, at least in terms of primary prevention (i.e. avoiding a cardiovascular event).

Aspirin increases the risk of significant gastrointestinal disease. Even people who are treated with aspirin occasional may have problems and go through painful experience if aspirin is administered regularly over a long period of time. Particular, aspirin might not be a good choice for people who have uncontrolled hypertension (the leading cause of bleeding in brain).

Tips – If you’re one of the women who already suffered a heart attack or other cardiovascular events, is recommended to take aspirin to reduce your risk of a second event.

Reversal of type 2 diabetes mellitus and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors after surgical weight loss in adolescents. Pediatrics. 2009 Jan;123(1):214-22 Authors: Inge TH, Miyano G, Bean J, Helmrath M, Courcoulas A, Harmon CM, Chen MK, Wilson K, Daniels SR, Garcia VF, Brandt ML, Dolan LM OBJECTIVES: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, all well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Surgical weight loss has resulted in a marked reduction of these risk factors in adults. We hypothesized that gastric bypass would improve parameters of metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eleven adolescents who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass at 5 centers were included. Anthropometric, hemodynamic, and biochemical measures and surgical complications were analyzed. Similar measures from 67 adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated medically for 1 year were also analyzed. RESULTS: Adolescents who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were extremely obese (mean BMI of 50 +/- 5.9 kg/m(2)) with numerous cardiovascular risk factors. After surgery there was evidence of remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in all but 1 patient. Significant improvements in BMI (-34%), fasting blood glucose (-41%), fasting insulin concentrations (-81%), hemoglobin A1c levels (7.3%-5.6%), and insulin sensitivity were also seen. There were significant improvements in serum lipid levels and blood pressure. In comparison, adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were followed during 1 year of medical treatment demonstrated stable body weight (baseline BMI: 35 +/- 7.3 kg/m(2); 1-year BMI: 34.9 +/- 7.2 kg/m(2)) and no significant change in blood pressure or in diabetic medication use. Medically managed patients had significantly improved hemoglobin A1c levels over 1 year (baseline: 7.85% +/- 2.3%; 1 year: 7.1% +/- 2%). CONCLUSIONS: Extremely obese diabetic adolescents experience significant weight loss and remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Improvements in insulin resistance, beta-cell function, and cardiovascular risk factors support Roux-en-Y gastric bypass as an intervention that improves the health of these adolescents. Although the long-term efficacy of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is not known, these findings suggest that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is an effective option for the treatment of extremely obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 19117885 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]